On1 and On2 Salsa: What's the Difference?

The fundamental difference between On1 and On2 salsa dancing is the timing of the "break step."

But each of these varieties of salsa come with their own histories.

Here's a breakdown of the key differences:

The Break Step and Timing

• Salsa On1 (LA Style): In partner work, the leader's break step is a forward step on the first beat (count 1) of the music. The basic rhythm follows a "quick, quick, slow" pattern. The break steps are on counts 1 and 5. The leader steps forward on 1, and the follower steps back on 1. This timing often feels more direct and sharp.

• Salsa On2 (New York Style): In partner work, the leader's break step is a backward step on the second beat (count 2) of the music. The basic rhythm also follows a "quick, quick, slow" pattern. The break steps are on counts 2 and 6. The leader steps back on 2, and the follower steps forward on 2. This timing often feels smoother and more fluid, as it aligns with the conga drums and other percussive elements of the music. The second beat of the conga is a slap, which connects the On2 dancer to the ground during the break step.

Feel and Musicality

• On1 tends to be more connected to the melody and phrasing of the music. It's often described as feeling more energetic and "staccato."

• On2 is often said to connect more deeply with the percussive elements of the music, such as the conga or bass. It can feel more grounded and rhythmic.

• In the social clubs of New York City during the 1970s, where salsa was born, a distinct style of dancing emerged that was a direct descendant of the mambo craze of the 1950s. This style is often referred to as "New York Style" salsa or, more explicitly, "salsa on2."

Footwork

While the basic steps and movements are very similar, the timing shift changes the footwork for shines and partnerwork. In On1 shines (solo footwork), the first move starts with the left foot, and in On2 shines (solo footwork), it starts with the right.

Summary

While salsa as a whole is danced to an 8-count, the timing of the "break step"—the change in direction—is what differentiates the styles. In the most common form of salsa, known as "On 1" or "L.A. style," the break step happens on the first beat of the music. However, in "salsa on2," the break step occurs on the second beat of the music. This seemingly small shift in timing creates a completely different feel for the dance.

"Salsa On2" has a smoother, more fluid feel. It's often described as being more connected to the rhythms of the conga and the clave, the core percussive instruments of salsa music. The pause on the first and fifth beats gives the dance a relaxed, elegant quality, allowing for musicality and intricate footwork, often referred to as "shines." This style was popularized and formalized by influential dancers like Eddie Torres, who is known as the "Mambo King."

What do you think?

• How does dancing On1 or On2 change your relationship to the music?

• Are there certain songs you like dancing salsa On1 and some On2?